In addition, the low density ensures that it can be used in tall buildings without overpressure. End units can be easily added to existing systems without making basic design changes. Figure 1 shows a diagram with the basic elements of typical steam systems .
A rapid increase in demand for steam in the short term by only 15% can cause high water flow in the boiler. Demand increases of 15% or more can occur quite often in industrial installations when steam valves open simultaneously in shifts and connect as batch processes. Low pressure requires a higher volume of steam to transport the required thermal energy.
For this to happen, the condensate in the heat exchanger housing must disappear until the condensate covers enough pipe surface to generate positive vapor pressure. However, when the positive vapor pressure develops to move the condensate through the steam trap and increase the vertical return line, a temperature may be higher than the steam remaining in the housing. The resulting state will show a wide temperature range of the starting fluid from the side of the heat exchanger tube. An elevator on the return line after the fall will cause a water hammer because the temperature of the condensate leaving the trap is higher than 212 ° F.
Two common examples of vapor conditioning applications are turbine bypass and reduced process steam. In turbine bus, the pressure and temperature of the steam must be reduced to a level acceptable for the downstream https://thegioivan.vn/ tube or condenser. When reducing process steam, steam is used for processes designed to operate under a certain pressure, so it is required to reduce the steam from the boiler pressure to a common head pressure.
Two-tube steam radiators have the steam supply valve on top of the radiator or at the bottom. The return, the tube that uses condensate for gravity, returns to the boiler and is always at the bottom of the radiator. This can take the form of a steam trap, or it can be a “steam” device, which comes in dozens of shapes and sizes.
Steam distribution becomes easier and cheaper due to lower costs in pipes and insulation. The reason for this is that low-pressure steam has higher latent heat, which significantly increases energy efficiency. Steam pressure and temperature are related and therefore the temperature is automatically controlled by steam pressure control. The reduction of the vapor pressure is also related to the safety of the required installation. A vapor bubble that forms or is pushed into a fully water-filled tube causes this. While the trapped vapor bubble loses its latent heat, the bubble implodes, the water wall regains and the force created can be serious.
In steam heating systems, a boiler oven heats the water by means of a gas or oil burner and puts it in steam. Steam travels through pipes to radiators or convectors, which emit heat and heat the room. As the steam cools, it condenses back into water and returns to the boiler to warm up again. Hot water heating systems operate on the same principle and use warm water instead of steam to heat the radiators. When hot condensate is drained through a steam trap under high pressure to reduce pressure, flash steam is generated.
A pipe gravity system is mainly used in homes and small commercial institutions. The main steam supply rises from the boiler to a high point and is thrown down around the ends of the basement from this point. It normally runs in full size until the last start and then shrinks in size after falling under the boiler water pipe.
The drop in the vapor pressure itself causes additional resistance, as explained in case II above. This is because with immediate low-pressure action, the rapid production of high-volume vapor bubbles can literally liquefy the water. (This phenomenon is often referred to as “swelling.”.”) The water level can easily rise so high that the water is literally absorbed by the steam pipe.